COMPLICATIONS ARISING FROM THE BLIND PASSAGE OF AN ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE THROUGH THE NASOPHARYNX INCLUDE

-EPISTAXIS

Epistaxis rate of 86% reported with nasal endotracheal intubation.16

-NASAL AND NASOPHARYNGEAL SOFT TISSUE MUCOSAL DAMAGE 3,4

-AVULSION OF A TURBINATE 5,6,7

– RETROPHARYNGEAL DISSECTION 10,48

– OBSTRUCTION OF ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE WITH AVULSED TISSUE. 7, 8, 9

– POST INTUBATION NASAL PAIN.

– AUTONOMIC HYPERTENSIVE AND TACHYCARDIC RESPONSE TO NASAL INTUBATION.

– INRACRANIAL PLACEMENT OF NASOTRACHEAL TUBE. 11, 12